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- > I have own an Amiga 500 since it first arrived in 1987. The computer
- > has worked very good, and I am very fond of it, although I don't use
- > it too much now a days :)
- >
- > In 1993, I bought a 486-33 MHz PC, mainly because a lot of friends had
- > one, and a lot of great programs was available. This, I believe is the
- > only reason to own a PC, because the computer alone, sucks.
- >
- > I have a friend, who insists that the PC is superior over the Amiga. I
- > tell him, that he can't compare a A500 with a Pentium, but try
- > checking out the A4000. He believes the A4000 cannot compare either.
- > I tell him about the Amigas true multitasking, and the PC's bad
- > operating systems, and all the resources needed, but he just ignores
- > it. I even tell him to look at some games. On the Amiga 500, if we
- > play Project-X for example, the game runs smoothly, and every thing
- > works fine. On the PC, however the graphics tends to get slow if there
- > is alot of spaceships on the screen at once. The differences is
- > enormous, even though the PC's processor is multiple times faster in
- > theory.
- >
- > I wonder if anyone can give me some information about why the Amiga is
- > so much faster than the PC. My belief is that the Amiga has a lot of
- > processors for every single operation, ex. one for sound, one for
- > graphics etc. In the PC, the mainprocessor does all the work. This is
- > right, isn't it? I hope someone can answer me, and explain it in a way
- > that I can convince my friend.
-
- Actually, there are only two processors, the 68000 and the Copper. A
- processor is capable of retrieving instructions from RAM and executing
- them. Much of the graphics and sound on the Amiga are produced by DMA
- channels, which operate independant of the CPU, but they are not
- considered processors.
-
- The Amiga has many DMA channels, (DMA means Direct Memory Access, no CPU
- intervention) like disk DMA, sprite DMA, bit-plane (picture) DMA, Copper
- instruction DMA and, of course, audio DMA. All of these occur without
- interfering with one another. That means that you can read from a disk,
- have sprites on the screen, have a picture displayed, have the Copper
- running, and be playing sound all simultaniously, AND the CPU is still
- free to do its thing.
-
- The Copper needs explanation; it is a processor that can change the
- hardware settings (like colors, what image is displayed, what resolution)
- in the middle of the screen. That is why you can drag an Intuition
- screen down to reveal another one that has different resolution and
- colors. The copper waits for the screen position where the change is to
- occur, and then it modifies the hardware to display the second screen.
- All of this happens WITHOUT CPU intervention.
-
- So in basic Amiga use, the CPU sets up the hardware (tells it what to do)
- and then lets it go at it while itself is still free to do other things.
-
- The 68000 processor (and most others) have the capability of being
- interrupted. That means that a program that is running can be
- interrupted without even knowing it, and then the interrupt handler will
- prepare a different task (that was previously interrupted) to run. This
- way tasks can switch without even knowing it, and with very minimal time
- loss and minimal (actually no) memory usage. That is why your Amiga 500
- can multitask comfortably with 512k of RAM and a (relatively) slow
- processor.
-
- > By the way, anyone have any info of the upcoming Amiga models. Will
- > they be GREAT? Do you believe the Amiga will ever be, what it once
- > were, eg. just as much people having an Amiga as before? Will the
- > Amiga run PC-programs?
-
- Your Amiga 500 has a modest range of display modes. Even with its
- limitations, the hardware controlled functions make it very impressive in
- spite of its drawbacks. Some hardware advantages are these: Consider
- scrolling a screen from left to right (or up and down). On the Amiga,
- the CPU (or Copper) simply tells the hardware to display the screen in a
- new position. The screen data did not actually move, therefore the
- operation was (almost) instant. That is why there are numerous
- shoot-em-ups for the Amiga. Sprites move in the same fashion, providing
- a pointer that dos not flicker when you move it or when graphics are
- changed under it. When you move a window, the data must be actually
- moved to a new location, so the blitter, which uses DMA channels also,
- copies the data from one location to another. This still frees up the
- CPU for other tasks, and provides fast refresh. When the CPU refreshes
- the screen, it can be interrupted and such to slow it down, but the
- blitter goes full-blast until it is done.
-
- The Amiga 500 (without FAST RAM) has some trouble with CPU speed because
- the DMA channels use up much of the RAM access time, not leaving as much
- for the CPU. However, with FAST RAM, the CPU can run right along without
- being slowed by the DMA channels.
-
- The AGA (Advanced Graphics Architecture) chip set (which is in the Amiga
- 4000 and 1200) can display 256 colors in any screen resolution up to
- 1280x800, plus in HAM-8 mode it can display 262144 colors at any
- resolution. Any Amiga graphics card will expand that to 24-bit, which is
- 16777216 colors. Some cards even go up to 1600x1200 in resolution. The
- Amiga has a great base in graphics, because any program can depend on AT
- LEAST what the machine comes with, which is decent. High powered
- applications can take advantage of graphics cards, but ANY application
- can depend on the basic built-in hardware.
-
- Aside from hardware, the OS is way cool. Version 1.3 is not that
- exciting, but 3.1 is just awesome. It looks cool, the screens operate
- nicely, buggy programs are handled better, and it is faster in some
- ways. Note also that the ROM contains the entire operating system, (with
- the exception of some minor patches) and it is only 512k. How big is
- Windows 95? The latest Mac OS is 4 megabytes of ROM. About screens, Ive
- used other OSs quite a bit, and I always end up with one big cluttered
- screen that I am stuck with. On the Amiga, many applications open their
- own screen, clearing up the Workbench for general use.
-
- Just a general statement about computer users. Im not sure which way it
- goes, but either the computer makes the user have a certain personality,
- or the personality of the person determines which machine they prefer. I
- dont want anyone to take offense at my next statements, this is a general
- observation that does not always hold true. The Mac operating system is
- very haughty. It acts like the user has nothing up-stairs and assumes it
- knows everything. I suspect that this was the nature of the designers
- and it carried into the OS. Mac users also seem to have that same
- atitude. PCs are very direct and to-the-point. They are logical, even
- though their logic is so vast. PC users seem to also be that way. They
- like to think of everything in terms of Mhz, MBs, ns, resolution, colors
- and the whole gammet. The Amiga was designed by a dedicated group of
- people that believed in what they were doing. They had spirit, emotion
- and pride. That same spirit shows up all over the machine. Amiga users
- share that same pride in their machine, they see things through different
- eyers than other platform users. Some people simply dont deserve an
- Amiga, they wont like it when they have it, because its MHz, MBs, and so
- forth dont add up the same.
-
- > Sorry for all the questions, and the long mail. I have been off the
- > "game" for a long time. I want to be updated..
-
- My turn to be sorry for the long mail... I probably should have sent it
- directly to you rather than posting it to all. Or maybe I should just
- keep my mouth shut.
-
- > Thanks in advance,
- >
- > Einar B Gilberg
-
- My pleasure,
- :=Rob=:
-